{"id":6667,"date":"2026-11-10T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/resurse-medicale\/?p=6667"},"modified":"2026-11-05T11:16:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T09:16:42","slug":"faringita-cauze-simptome-si-cand-ai-nevoie-de-antibiotic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/resurse-medicale\/faringita-cauze-simptome-si-cand-ai-nevoie-de-antibiotic\/","title":{"rendered":"Faringita: cauze, simptome \u0219i c\u00e2nd ai nevoie de antibiotic"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6667\" class=\"elementor elementor-6667\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a1c72b6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a1c72b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-331a562a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"331a562a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ringdoc-article is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Te-ai trezit cu g\u00e2tul zg\u00e2riat, \u00eenghi\u021bi greu \u0219i te \u00eentrebi dac\u0103 ai nevoie de antibiotic? <strong>Faringita<\/strong>, adic\u0103 inflama\u021bia g\u00e2tului, este unul dintre cele mai frecvente motive pentru care adul\u021bii merg la medic, mai ales \u00een sezonul rece. Vestea bun\u0103 este c\u0103, de cele mai multe ori, durerea \u00een g\u00e2t e provocat\u0103 de virusuri \u0219i trece singur\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2teva zile. Exist\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 \u0219i forme bacteriene care au nevoie de tratament, precum \u0219i semne de alarm\u0103 care cer evaluare rapid\u0103. Mai jos afli cum le deosebe\u0219ti, ce po\u021bi face acas\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2nd e momentul s\u0103 ceri p\u0103rerea unui medic, fie la cabinet, fie printr-o consulta\u021bie video pe Ringdoc, de acas\u0103 sau din diaspora.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce este faringita \u0219i ce o provoac\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Faringele este \u201etubul\u201d din spatele gurii \u0219i al nasului, prin care trec aerul \u0219i alimentele. C\u00e2nd mucoasa care \u00eel c\u0103ptu\u0219e\u0219te se inflameaz\u0103, apare faringita. Adesea sunt afectate \u0219i amigdalele.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cauze infec\u021bioase<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cele mai multe cazuri sunt produse de virusuri: cele ale r\u0103celii \u0219i gripei, adenovirusurile, SARS-CoV-2 (virusul COVID-19) sau virusul Epstein-Barr, care provoac\u0103 mononucleoza infec\u021bioas\u0103. De regul\u0103, durerea \u00een g\u00e2t face parte dintr-o <a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/resurse-medicale\/viroza-respiratorie-simptome-cauze-tratament\/\">viroz\u0103 respiratorie<\/a> mai larg\u0103, cu nas \u00eenfundat, str\u0103nut \u0219i tuse.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mai rar, vinovat\u0103 este o bacterie, cel mai des <strong>streptococul beta-hemolitic de grup A<\/strong>. Aceast\u0103 infec\u021bie streptococic\u0103 este mai frecvent\u0103 la copii \u0219i adolescen\u021bi, iar la adul\u021bi reprezint\u0103 doar o mic\u0103 parte din cazuri.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cauze neinfec\u021bioase<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00e2tul poate fi iritat \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 microbi, mai ales c\u00e2nd disconfortul dureaz\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni (faringit\u0103 cronic\u0103):<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>aerul uscat din locuin\u021b\u0103, fumatul \u0219i poluarea;<\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/resurse-medicale\/refluxul-gastroesofagian-simptome-cauze-tratament\/\">refluxul gastroesofagian<\/a>, c\u00e2nd acidul din stomac urc\u0103 \u0219i irit\u0103 g\u00e2tul;<\/li>\n\n<li>alergiile \u0219i sinuzita, din cauza c\u0103rora secre\u021biile se scurg pe peretele din spate al g\u00e2tului;<\/li>\n\n<li>folosirea intens\u0103 a vocii sau respira\u021bia pe gur\u0103 \u00een timpul somnului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Faringit\u0103 viral\u0103 sau bacterian\u0103: cum le deosebe\u0219ti<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ambele forme pot da acelea\u0219i simptome de baz\u0103: durere \u00een g\u00e2t accentuat\u0103 la \u00eenghi\u021bire, senza\u021bie de usturime, ro\u0219ea\u021b\u0103, uneori febr\u0103 \u0219i oboseal\u0103. C\u00e2teva indicii \u00eel orienteaz\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 pe medic:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Indiciu<\/th>\n<th>Mai sugestiv pentru faringita viral\u0103<\/th>\n<th>Mai sugestiv pentru faringita bacterian\u0103<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Debut<\/td>\n<td>Treptat<\/td>\n<td>Brusc, \u00een c\u00e2teva ore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tuse, nas care curge<\/td>\n<td>Frecvente<\/td>\n<td>De obicei absente<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>R\u0103gu\u0219eal\u0103, ochi ro\u0219ii<\/td>\n<td>Pot ap\u0103rea<\/td>\n<td>Rare<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Febr\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Variabil\u0103 (mare \u00een grip\u0103)<\/td>\n<td>Adesea peste 38\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Amigdale<\/td>\n<td>Ro\u0219ii, u\u0219or m\u0103rite<\/td>\n<td>M\u0103rite, cu depozite albe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ganglioni la g\u00e2t<\/td>\n<td>U\u0219or sensibili<\/td>\n<td>M\u0103ri\u021bi \u0219i durero\u0219i, \u00een fa\u021ba g\u00e2tului<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceste semne sunt doar orientative: mononucleoza, de\u0219i este viral\u0103, poate da \u0219i ea depozite albe pe amigdale. De aceea, medicii folosesc scoruri clinice, precum scorul Centor, care adun\u0103 aceste indicii pentru a decide dac\u0103 e nevoie de un test streptococic.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum se confirm\u0103 diagnosticul<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Confirmarea sigur\u0103 vine dintr-o prob\u0103 recoltat\u0103 din g\u00e2t cu un tampon steril. <strong>Testul rapid<\/strong> arat\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2teva minute dac\u0103 streptococul este prezent, iar <strong>exudatul faringian<\/strong> (cultura faringian\u0103) dureaz\u0103 una-dou\u0103 zile, dar este mai precis. Analiza ASLO din s\u00e2nge (anticorpi \u00eempotriva streptococului) nu ajut\u0103 la diagnosticul unei faringite acute, deoarece cre\u0219te cu \u00eent\u00e2rziere \u0219i reflect\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 o infec\u021bie streptococic\u0103 trecut\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce po\u021bi face acas\u0103 pentru durerea \u00een g\u00e2t<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indiferent de cauz\u0103, c\u00e2teva m\u0103suri simple pot ameliora disconfortul:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bea suficiente lichide: ap\u0103, ceaiuri c\u0103ldu\u021be, supe;<\/li>\n\n<li>odihne\u0219te-te, mai ales dac\u0103 ai febr\u0103;<\/li>\n\n<li>f\u0103 gargar\u0103 cu ap\u0103 c\u0103ldu\u021b\u0103 \u0219i pu\u021bin\u0103 sare;<\/li>\n\n<li>mierea, simpl\u0103 sau \u00een ceai c\u0103ldu\u021b, poate calma irita\u021bia (nu se d\u0103 copiilor sub 1 an);<\/li>\n\n<li>pastilele de supt \u0219i spray-urile pentru g\u00e2t aduc o u\u0219urare temporar\u0103;<\/li>\n\n<li>umidific\u0103 aerul din camer\u0103 \u0219i evit\u0103 fumul de \u021bigar\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La copiii mici, pastilele de supt \u0219i gargara nu sunt potrivite, iar aspirina nu se d\u0103 copiilor \u0219i adolescen\u021bilor.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Medicamentele uzuale pentru durere \u0219i febr\u0103, precum paracetamolul sau ibuprofenul, se folosesc respect\u00e2nd prospectul sau sfatul farmacistului. Multe produse pentru r\u0103ceal\u0103 \u0219i grip\u0103 le con\u021bin deja, iar dac\u0103 le combini po\u021bi ajunge la supradozaj. Dac\u0103 ai boli de ficat, astm, ulcer, boli de rinichi sau de inim\u0103, e\u0219ti \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103 ori iei alte tratamente, cum ar fi anticoagulantele, \u00eentreab\u0103 mai \u00eent\u00e2i medicul, pentru a evita <a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/resurse-medicale\/interactiuni-medicamentoase-frecvente-pe-care-nu-le-stiai\/\">interac\u021biunile medicamentoase<\/a> nedorite.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Semne de alarm\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2nd mergi la medic<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unele simptome pot semnala o complica\u021bie serioas\u0103, precum un abces sau inflama\u021bia epiglotei (structura care acoper\u0103 intrarea \u00een laringe atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eenghi\u021bi). <strong>Sun\u0103 la 112 (sau la num\u0103rul local de urgen\u021b\u0103) ori mergi la urgen\u021be<\/strong> dac\u0103 ai:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>dificultate de respira\u021bie sau un zgomot \u0219uierat c\u00e2nd inspiri;<\/li>\n\n<li>imposibilitatea de a \u00eenghi\u021bi chiar \u0219i saliva;<\/li>\n\n<li>dificultate la deschiderea gurii \u0219i voce \u00een\u0103bu\u0219it\u0103, \u201eca \u0219i cum ai avea un cartof fierbinte \u00een gur\u0103\u201d;<\/li>\n\n<li>umfl\u0103tur\u0103 pronun\u021bat\u0103 pe o parte a g\u00e2tului;<\/li>\n\n<li>febr\u0103 mare cu ceafa \u00een\u021bepenit\u0103, confuzie sau pete ro\u0219ii-violacee pe piele care nu dispar la ap\u0103sare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 ai semnele de faringit\u0103 bacterian\u0103 din tabel, cere un consult \u00een una-dou\u0103 zile pentru un eventual test rapid. Un consult la medicul de familie sau la ORL este recomandat \u0219i dac\u0103 durerea nu se amelioreaz\u0103 \u00een aproximativ o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, dac\u0103 febra persist\u0103 peste dou\u0103-trei zile sau dac\u0103 ai episoade repetate de durere \u00een g\u00e2t. Aten\u021bie \u0219i la r\u0103gu\u0219eala care nu trece \u00een dou\u0103-trei s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, la durerea mereu pe aceea\u0219i parte, la s\u00e2ngele \u00een saliv\u0103 sau la un nod la g\u00e2t, mai ales dac\u0103 fumezi.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 ai imunitatea sc\u0103zut\u0103 (de exemplu, faci chimioterapie), iei tiamazol pentru tiroida hiperactiv\u0103 sau ai luat recent metamizol (algocalmin) \u0219i apar febr\u0103 \u0219i durere \u00een g\u00e2t, <strong>anun\u021b\u0103 imediat medicul<\/strong>: pot semnala o infec\u021bie grav\u0103 sau o sc\u0103dere sever\u0103 a globulelor albe.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centr-o consulta\u021bie video pe <a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/app\">Ringdoc<\/a>, medicul \u00ee\u021bi poate evalua simptomele, \u00ee\u021bi poate spune dac\u0103 ai nevoie de un test rapid, de un exudat faringian sau de un consult fa\u021b\u0103 \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i \u00ee\u021bi poate interpreta rezultatele, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi bolnav \u00een sala de a\u0219teptare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concluzie<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Faringita este, \u00een majoritatea cazurilor, o infec\u021bie viral\u0103 care trece de la sine, iar odihna \u0219i lichidele amelioreaz\u0103 simptomele. Antibioticul este necesar doar c\u00e2nd infec\u021bia bacterian\u0103 este confirmat\u0103 sau foarte probabil\u0103, iar folosirea lui \u201ela \u00eent\u00e2mplare\u201d face mai mult r\u0103u dec\u00e2t bine. Dificultatea de respira\u021bie sau imposibilitatea de a \u00eenghi\u021bi cer ajutor medical imediat. Informa\u021biile din acest articol au rol educativ \u0219i nu \u00eenlocuiesc consultul medical.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 durerea \u00een g\u00e2t nu trece, revine des sau te \u00eengrijoreaz\u0103, cel mai sigur pas este evaluarea de c\u0103tre un medic specialist. Programeaz\u0103 o consulta\u021bie video la <a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/ro\/medici\/medicina-de-familie\">medicin\u0103 de familie<\/a> sau la <a href=\"https:\/\/ringdoc.ro\/ro\/medici\/orl\">ORL<\/a> pe Ringdoc, de acas\u0103 sau din diaspora, \u0219i afl\u0103 dac\u0103 ai nevoie de teste, de tratament sau doar de \u00eengrijire la domiciliu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Majoritatea durerilor \u00een g\u00e2t sunt virale \u0219i trec f\u0103r\u0103 antibiotic. Afl\u0103 cum recuno\u0219ti o faringit\u0103 bacterian\u0103, ce po\u021bi face acas\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2nd ai nevoie de un consult medical.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":6666,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_keywordsynonyms":"[\"durere \u00een g\u00e2t\",\"infec\u021bie viral\u0103\",\"faringita streptococic\u0103\",\"antibioterapie\",\"cultura faringian\u0103\"]","_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":"[{\"keyword\":\"faringita viral\u0103\",\"score\":78},{\"keyword\":\"faringita bacterian\u0103\",\"score\":67},{\"keyword\":\"tratament antibiotic\",\"score\":72},{\"keyword\":\"exudat faringian\",\"score\":61}]","footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[236,120],"class_list":["post-6667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-orl","tag-amigdalita","tag-infectii-respiratorii"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Faringita: cauze, simptome \u0219i c\u00e2nd ai nevoie de antibiotic - Ringdoc - Resurse medicale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Faringita este de cele mai multe ori viral\u0103. 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